{"id":11448,"date":"2022-12-13T10:14:48","date_gmt":"2022-12-13T06:14:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/qarabag.com\/?p=11448"},"modified":"2022-12-13T16:26:34","modified_gmt":"2022-12-13T12:26:34","slug":"qasimbeyzakir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/qarabag.com\/qasimbeyzakir\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 \u00f6zba\u015f\u0131nal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n qurban\u0131 olmu\u015f \u015fair, \u0259sl\u0259n \u015eu\u015fadan olan: Qas\u0131m b\u0259y Zakir"},"content":{"rendered":"

Qarabag.com Az\u0259rbaycan poeziyas\u0131nda t\u0259nqidi realizmin v\u0259 satirik istiqam\u0259tin banil\u0259rind\u0259n biri olan Qas\u0131m b\u0259y Zakir haqq\u0131nda material\u0131 t\u0259qdim edir. M\u0259qal\u0259 iki hiss\u0259y\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcb: \u015eairin h\u0259yat\u0131 v\u0259 onun yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131q f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti.\"\"<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u015eairin h\u0259yat\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Lirik \u015fair v\u0259 satirik, “Zakir” (“Allah\u0131 zikr ed\u0259n”, y\u0259ni yad ed\u0259n m\u0259nas\u0131nda) t\u0259x\u0259ll\u00fcs\u00fc il\u0259 tan\u0131nan Qas\u0131m b\u0259y \u018fli b\u0259y o\u011flu Cavan\u015fir 1784(1789)-c\u00fc ild\u0259 \u015eu\u015fa \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259 zad\u0259gan ail\u0259sind\u0259 anadan olub. Onun ulu babas\u0131 Qaraba\u011f xanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sas\u0131n\u0131 qoyan P\u0259nah\u0259li xan\u0131n qarda\u015f\u0131 olub. O c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n, “Qafqaz” q\u0259zetind\u0259 qeyd edilir ki, Qas\u0131m b\u0259y P\u0259nah\u0259li xan\u0131n \u0259misi olan S\u0259hl \u018fli b\u0259yin n\u0259slind\u0259n idi.
\n[Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n g\u00f6rk\u0259mli adamlar\u0131. Qas\u0131m b\u0259y Zakir. 1984 il., s\u0259h. 5-6;48]<\/span><\/a>
\n[F. K\u00f6\u00e7\u0259rlinski. Aderbeycan tatarlar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131. 1903-c\u00fc il., s\u0259h. 22-23]<\/a><\/span>
\n[“Bakinskiy rabo\u00e7iy” q\u0259zeti \u211655 (10916) 07.03.1957-ci il., s\u0259h. 2]<\/a><\/span>
\n[Onlar\u0131n adlar\u0131 il\u0259 Bak\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259l\u0259ri adland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. 1962-ci il., s\u0259h. 159]<\/a><\/span>
\n[F.S. Qas\u0131mzad\u0259. XIX \u0259sr Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131 tarixi \u00fczr\u0259 o\u00e7erkl\u0259r. 1962-ci il., s\u0259h. 127]<\/a><\/span>
\n[\u201cQafqaz\u201d q\u0259zeti \u21163. 07(19).01.1868-ci il., s\u0259h. 4]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Zakir ilk t\u0259hsilini \u015eu\u015fada m\u0259dr\u0259s\u0259d\u0259 alm\u0131\u015f, burada fars dilini m\u00fck\u0259mm\u0259l \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 \u00f6yr\u0259nmi\u015fdir.
\n[Q.Zakir. Se\u00e7ilmi\u015f \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri. 1971-ci il., s\u0259h. 7]<\/span><\/a>
\n[F.S. Qas\u0131mzad\u0259. XIX \u0259sr Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131 tarixi \u00fczr\u0259 o\u00e7erkl\u0259r. 1962-ci il., s\u0259h. 127-128]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Birinci Rus-\u0130ran m\u00fcharib\u0259si (1804-1813) v\u0259 \u0130kinci Rus-\u0130ran m\u00fcharib\u0259si (1826-1828) d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 Qas\u0131m b\u0259y Zakir \u00e7ar ordusunun Qafqaz m\u00fcs\u0259lman k\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc s\u00fcvari d\u0259st\u0259sinin s\u0131ralar\u0131nda, \u0130rana qar\u015f\u0131 h\u0259rbi \u0259m\u0259liyyatlarda i\u015ftirak etmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

Daha sonra Zaqafqaziya m\u00fcs\u0259lman vilay\u0259tl\u0259rinin h\u0259rbi dair\u0259 r\u0259isi, general-mayor \u0130van Nikolayevi\u00e7 Abxazova \u00fcnvanlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 29 aprel 1828-ci il tarixli m\u0259ktubunda o yaz\u0131rd\u0131: \u201c\u20261806-c\u0131 ild\u0259 Abbas Mirz\u0259 ordusu Qaraba\u011fa gir\u0259rk\u0259n, m\u0259n Xon\u015fa (Xona\u015f\u0131n) \u00e7ay\u0131n\u0131n k\u0259nar\u0131nda general Lisanevi\u00e7l\u0259 birlikd\u0259 Abbas Mirz\u0259nin qo\u015funlar\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 vuru\u015fub, onu geri \u00e7\u0259kilm\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259cbur etdik\u201d. \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em>Qafqaz Korpusunun ba\u015f komandan\u0131, general \u0130van Fedorovi\u00e7 Paskevi\u00e7\u0259 \u00fcnvanlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 24 aprel 1828-ci il tarixli dig\u0259r m\u0259ktubunda Zakir bu m\u00fcharib\u0259d\u0259ki xidm\u0259tl\u0259rini \u0259trafl\u0131 t\u0259svir etmi\u015fdir:
\n\u201c\u20261806-c\u0131 ild\u0259 Abbas Mirz\u0259 qo\u015funu il\u0259 Qaraba\u011fa g\u0259lib, dava edib, m\u0259\u011flub olduqda m\u0259n d\u0259 general-mayorun b\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u015eu\u015fa qalas\u0131ndan M\u00fcqriy\u0259 (haz\u0131rda Mehri, Erm\u0259nistan) kimi getmi\u015f\u0259m. Qaraba\u011f ell\u0259rini q\u0131z\u0131lba\u015flar \u00f6zl\u0259ri il\u0259 aparmaq ist\u0259yirdil\u0259r. Orada yax\u015f\u0131 xidm\u0259tl\u0259r edib b\u00f6y\u00fck general\u0131n \u0259mril\u0259 12 a\u011fac <\/em>(a\u011fac – C\u0259nubi Qafqazda ol\u00e7\u00fc vahidi, t\u0259qrib\u0259n 6-7 km at v\u0259 3-4 km piyada yolu) generaldan qabaq elat\u0131n i\u00e7in\u0259 gedib onlar\u0131 x\u0259b\u0259rdar etmi\u015f\u0259m v\u0259 elat\u0131n getm\u0259sin\u0259 mane olmu\u015fam. Q\u0131z\u0131lba\u015f qo\u015funu da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 elat geri qay\u0131tm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r, o t\u0259r\u0259fin \u0259halisi sakitl\u0259\u015fmi\u015fdir\u2026\u201d<\/em>
\n<\/em>[Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n g\u00f6rk\u0259mli adamlar\u0131. Qas\u0131m b\u0259y Zakir. 1984-c\u00fc il., s\u0259h. 15-17;47]<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

1812-ci ild\u0259 Zakir \u015eu\u015fan\u0131n m\u00fcdafi\u0259si v\u0259 \u00e7ar general\u0131 Pyotr Kotlyarevskinin L\u0259nk\u0259ran kampaniyas\u0131nda i\u015ftirak edib.1826-c\u0131 ilin iyul ay\u0131nda Zakir yenid\u0259n \u015eu\u015fan\u0131n m\u00fcdafi\u0259sind\u0259 i\u015ftirak edib, 1827-ci ild\u0259 is\u0259 \u0259lind\u0259n (v\u0259 ya qolundan) yaralan\u0131b. 15 mart 1828-ci ild\u0259 rus imperatoru I Nikolay\u0131n s\u0259r\u0259ncam\u0131 il\u0259 c\u0259sar\u0259tin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 Zakir g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f medalla t\u0259ltif edilmi\u015fdir.
\n[Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n g\u00f6rk\u0259mli adamlar\u0131. Qas\u0131m b\u0259y Zakir. 1984-c\u00fc il., s\u0259h. 15;47-49]<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

“Qafqaz” q\u0259zetind\u0259 qeyd olunur ki, Zakir h\u0259m\u00e7inin da\u011fl\u0131lara qar\u015f\u0131 h\u0259rbi \u0259m\u0259liyyatlarda i\u015ftirak edib:\u00a0
\n\u201cQas\u0131m b\u0259y Zakir milisd\u0259 xidm\u0259t edib. O, \u015f\u0259xs\u0259n c\u0259sur olaraq x\u00fcsusil\u0259 polkovnik Mikla\u015fevskinin r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi alt\u0131nda Car lezgil\u0259rin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 ekspedisiyada f\u0259rql\u0259nmi\u015fdir”. <\/em>
\n<\/em>[\u201cQafqaz\u201d q\u0259zeti \u21163. 07(19).01.1868-ci il., s\u0259h. 4]<\/a><\/span>
\n[Q.Zakir. Se\u00e7ilmi\u015f \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri. 1971-ci il., s\u0259h. 216-218]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Yayda Zakir \u015eu\u015fada, ba\u015fqa zaman is\u0259 haz\u0131rki A\u011fdam rayonunun X\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131stan k\u0259ndind\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131rd\u0131, o burada k\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131 il\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olurdu. Bu k\u0259ndi dostu – Qaraba\u011f\u0131n sonuncu xan\u0131 Mehdiqulu ona h\u0259diyy\u0259 etmi\u015fdi.
\n[F.S. Qas\u0131mzad\u0259. XIX \u0259sr Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131 tarixi \u00fczr\u0259 o\u00e7erkl\u0259r. 1962-ci il., s\u0259h. 127-128]<\/a><\/span>
\n[F. K\u00f6\u00e7\u0259rlinski. Aderbeycan tatarlar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131. 1903-c\u00fc il, s\u0259h. 23]<\/a><\/span>
\n[Q.Zakir. Se\u00e7ilmi\u015f \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri. 1971-ci il., s\u0259h. 7-8]<\/a><\/span>
\n[\u201cQafqaz\u201d q\u0259zeti \u21163. 07(19).01.1868-ci il., s\u0259h. 4]<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Qas\u0131m b\u0259y Zakir b\u0259yl\u0259ri, \u00e7ar m\u0259murlar\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 ruhanil\u0259rin n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259rini t\u0259nqid edir, n\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 onlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda \u00e7oxlu d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n qazanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Onlardan biri C\u0259f\u0259rqulu a\u011fa olub, Zakir \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259r onunla dostluq etmi\u015f, lakin sonradan ona qar\u015f\u0131 \u015f\u0259xsi d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n\u00e7iliyi yaranm\u0131\u015f, onun h\u0259yat t\u0259rzini, k\u0259ndlil\u0259rl\u0259 davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 s. if\u015fa edirdi. M\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259rin korlanmas\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sas s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259rind\u0259n biri d\u0259 Qas\u0131m b\u0259y Zakir\u0259 onun qohumu Mehdiqulu xan\u0131n himay\u0259darl\u0131q etm\u0259si idi, hans\u0131n\u0131n ki, \u00f6z n\u00f6vb\u0259sind\u0259 C\u0259f\u0259rqulu a\u011fa il\u0259 qan d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n\u00e7iliyi vard\u0131 (1806-c\u0131 ild\u0259 Mehdiqulu xan, onun qarda\u015f\u0131 o\u011flu C\u0259f\u0259rqulu a\u011fan\u0131n ehtimal olunan varis olmas\u0131na baxmayaraq, rus h\u00f6k\u00fcm\u0259ti t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n Qaraba\u011f\u0131n xan\u0131 t\u0259yin edilmi\u015fdi). Sonuncu bunu q\u0259bul etm\u0259y\u0259r\u0259k h\u0259r vasit\u0259 il\u0259 \u0259misini Qaraba\u011f taxt\u0131ndan endirm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. 2013-c\u00fc ilin “Qas\u0131m b\u0259y Zakir v\u0259 onun m\u00fcasirl\u0259ri” kitab\u0131nda qeyd edilir ki, Zakir il\u0259 C\u0259f\u0259rqulu a\u011fan\u0131n dostlu\u011funun hans\u0131 s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n bar\u0131\u015fmaz d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n\u00e7iliy\u0259 \u00e7evirilm\u0259sinin ehtimal edil\u0259n dig\u0259r versiyas\u0131, C\u0259f\u0259rqulu a\u011fan\u0131n Zakirin qarda\u015f\u0131 o\u011fullar\u0131 – Behbud v\u0259 R\u00fcst\u0259min c\u0259lb olunduqlar\u0131 hadis\u0259 il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar verdiyi s\u00f6z\u00fc tutmamas\u0131 olub.\u00a0
\n\u201c\u00c7ar m\u0259murlar\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 tabe olmamaq ittiham\u0131 il\u0259 t\u0259qib olunan Zakirin qarda\u015f\u0131 o\u011flu Behbud h\u0259bsxanadan qa\u00e7m\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Hakim dair\u0259l\u0259r onu qorxular\u0131ndan h\u0259bs etmi\u015fdi ki, bird\u0259n Behbud, qarda\u015f\u0131 R\u00fcst\u0259min \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 qisas alar, \u00e7\u00fcnki sonuncusu T\u0259rxan Mouravovun \u0259mri il\u0259 g\u00fcll\u0259l\u0259nmi\u015fdi. R\u00fcst\u0259m bir ne\u00e7\u0259 m\u0259hbusun h\u0259bsxanadan qa\u00e7d\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 g\u00fcll\u0259l\u0259nmi\u015fdi… <\/em>Zakirin d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259nl\u0259ri hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 bildirirdil\u0259r ki, \u0259g\u0259r Zakir ist\u0259s\u0259, Behbudu tap\u0131b h\u0259bsxanaya r\u0259hb\u0259rliyin\u0259 t\u0259hvil ver\u0259 bil\u0259r\u201d.\u00a0
\n<\/em><\/p>\n

Yuxar\u0131da sadalanlardan bel\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259y\u0259 g\u0259lm\u0259k olar ki, Qas\u0131m b\u0259y Zakirin yegan\u0259 himay\u0259dar\u0131 Mehdiqulu xan\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnd\u0259n sonra (1845) Zakirin d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259nl\u0259ri h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t\u0259 ke\u00e7m\u0259y\u0259 q\u0259rara al\u0131rlar. Bu t\u0259svir edil\u0259n hadis\u0259l\u0259r onu m\u0259hv etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259lveri\u015fli b\u0259han\u0259 idi.
\n[E.\u0130smaylov. Qafqaz v\u0259 Qlobalizasiya. Cild 8, burax\u0131l\u0131\u015f 1-2, 2014-c\u00fc il., M\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259r: Qaraba\u011f xanlar\u0131: S\u00fclal\u0259nin m\u0259n\u015f\u0259yi, xanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n Rusiya imperiyas\u0131na tabe olmas\u0131 v\u0259 xan hakimiyy\u0259tinin l\u0259\u011fv edilm\u0259si. S\u0259h. 158-159;167]<\/span><\/a>
\n[E. \u0130smailov Qafqaz v\u0259 Qlobalizasiya. Cild 8, burax\u0131l\u0131\u015f 3-4, 2014-c\u00fc il., M\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259r: Qaraba\u011f xanlar\u0131: S\u00fclal\u0259nin b\u00f6y\u00fck x\u0259ttinin n\u0259sil t\u0259sviri. s\u0259h. 138]<\/a><\/span>
\n[Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n g\u00f6rk\u0259mli adamlar\u0131. Qas\u0131m b\u0259y Zakir. 1984-c\u00fc il., s\u0259h. 104-108]<\/a><\/span>
\n[V.Potto. Ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 o\u00e7erkl\u0259r, epizodlar, \u0259fsan\u0259l\u0259r v\u0259 t\u0259rc\u00fcmeyi-hallarda Qafqaz m\u00fcharib\u0259si. 3-c\u00fc cild.1888-ci il. s\u0259h. 420]<\/a><\/span>
\n[Q.Zakir. Se\u00e7ilmi\u015f \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri. 1971-ci il., s\u0259h. 8;113;119;173-177;182;186;223;226]<\/a><\/span>
\n[F.S. Qas\u0131mzad\u0259. XIX \u0259sr Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131 tarixi \u00fczr\u0259 o\u00e7erkl\u0259r. 1962-ci il., s\u0259h. 142-146]<\/a><\/span>
\n[\u201cQafqaz\u201d q\u0259zeti \u21163. 07(19).01.1868-ci il., s\u0259h. 4]<\/a><\/span>
\n[R.K\u0259rimov. Qas\u0131m b\u0259y Zakir v\u0259 m\u00fcasirl\u0259ri. 2013-c\u00fc il., s\u0259h. 126;135]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

1849-c\u00fc ilin oktyabr ay\u0131nda Zakir ail\u0259si il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 h\u0259bs olunaraq \u00e7ar h\u00f6kum\u0259tind\u0259n qa\u00e7an Behbudu gizl\u0259tm\u0259kd\u0259 ittiham edilir. Onun \u00f6z\u00fcnu Bak\u0131 h\u0259bsxanas\u0131na g\u00f6nd\u0259rir, o\u011flu v\u0259 qarda\u015f\u0131 o\u011flu is\u0259 Sibir\u0259 s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edirl\u0259r. Onun X\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131standak\u0131 m\u00fclk\u00fc talan edilmi\u015f, b\u00fct\u00fcn \u0259mlak\u0131 is\u0259 m\u00fcsadir\u0259 edilmi\u015fdi. Zaqafqaziya m\u00fclki i\u015fl\u0259ri idar\u0259sinin r\u0259isin\u0259 \u00fcnvanlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 24 oktyabr 1850-ci il tarixli m\u0259ktubunda Zakir bu bar\u0259d\u0259 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 s\u00f6zl\u0259ri yaz\u0131rd\u0131:
\n\u201cBir ild\u0259n \u00e7oxdur ki, \u015eu\u015fa \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin q\u0259za r\u0259isi knyaz T\u0259rxan Mouravov, polkovnik C\u0259f\u0259rqulu a\u011fa t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n t\u0259hrik olunaraq t\u0259qrib\u0259n 700 atl\u0131 q\u00fcvv\u0259 il\u0259, onlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda C\u0259f\u0259rqulu a\u011fa \u00f6z\u00fc olmaqla, X\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131stan k\u0259ndin\u0259 soxularaq m\u0259ni v\u0259 he\u00e7 bir g\u00fcnah\u0131 olmayan t\u0259b\u0259\u0259l\u0259rimi m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 v\u0259 istintaq olmadan el\u0259 soy\u011fun\u00e7ulu\u011fa m\u0259ruz qoydular ki, biz ac v\u0259 yoxsul qald\u0131q. Biz\u0259 veril\u0259n g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u0259mi\u015f iztirablar v\u0259 i\u015fg\u0259nc\u0259l\u0259r \u00e7\u0259tin ki, kim\u0259s\u0259 n\u0259vaxtsa verilib”.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/em>
\n<\/em>[Onlar\u0131n adlar\u0131 il\u0259 Bak\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259l\u0259ri adland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. 1962-ci il, s\u0259h. 159]<\/span><\/a>
\n[F. K\u00f6\u00e7\u0259rlinski. Aderbeycan tatarlar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131. 1903-c\u00fc il, s\u0259h. 23-24]<\/a><\/span>
\n[F.S. Qas\u0131mzad\u0259. XIX \u0259sr Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131 tarixi \u00fczr\u0259 o\u00e7erkl\u0259r. 1962-ci il., s\u0259h. 128-129]<\/a><\/span>
\n[Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u015fairl\u0259ri. 1962-ci il., s\u0259h. 217]<\/a><\/span>
\n[Q.Zakir. Se\u00e7ilmi\u015f \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri. 1971-ci il., s\u0259h. 186]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Bak\u0131da \u00fc\u00e7 ay h\u0259bsd\u0259 qald\u0131qdan sonra Zakir, onun dostlar\u0131 olan Az\u0259rbaycan yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 – Mirz\u0259 F\u0259t\u0259li Axundov, \u0130smay\u0131l b\u0259y Qutqa\u015f\u0131nli, rus m\u0259muru Mixail Petrovi\u00e7 Kolyubyakin v\u0259 dig\u0259r g\u00fcrc\u00fc knyazlar\u0131 say\u0259sind\u0259 h\u0259bsd\u0259n azad edilmi\u015fdir.
\n[Q.Zakir. Se\u00e7ilmi\u015f \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri. 1971-ci il., s\u0259h. 8-9;224]<\/span><\/a>
\n[F. K\u00f6\u00e7\u0259rlinski. Aderbeycan tatarlar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131. 1903-c\u00fc il, s\u0259h. 24]<\/a><\/span>
\n[Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n g\u00f6rk\u0259mli adamlar\u0131. Qas\u0131m b\u0259y Zakir. 1984-c\u00fc il., s\u0259h. 130-131]<\/a><\/span>
\n[F.S. Qas\u0131mzad\u0259. XIX \u0259sr Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131 tarixi \u00fczr\u0259 o\u00e7erkl\u0259r. 1962-ci il., s\u0259h. 129]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

H\u0259bs, s\u00fcrg\u00fcn, onun k\u0259ndinin v\u0259 mal-m\u00fclk\u00fcn\u00fcn talan edilm\u0259si v\u0259 yax\u0131nlar\u0131ndan ayr\u0131 qalmas\u0131 \u015fairin sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sars\u0131tm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Onun \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn son ill\u0259ri polis n\u0259zar\u0259ti alt\u0131nda, yoxsulluq v\u0259 m\u0259hrumiyy\u0259tl\u0259r i\u00e7ind\u0259 ke\u00e7irdi. Qas\u0131m b\u0259y Zakir 1857-ci ild\u0259 \u015eu\u015fada v\u0259fat edib. “Qafqaz” q\u0259zetind\u0259 \u015fairin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc haqq\u0131nda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131lar qeyd olunurdu:
\n\u201cZakirin o\u011flu N\u0259c\u0259fqulu b\u0259y v\u0259 onun dig\u0259r qarda\u015f\u0131 o\u011flu \u0130sg\u0259nd\u0259r b\u0259y ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Rusiyaya<\/em> \u00a0s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edildil\u0259r. Hadis\u0259 Zakir\u0259 sars\u0131d\u0131c\u0131 t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rdi, v\u0259 o, bu d\u0259rd\u0259 d\u00f6z\u0259 bilm\u0259yib v\u0259fat etdi\u201d. <\/em>Qas\u0131m b\u0259y Zakir \u015eu\u015fada Mirz\u0259 H\u0259s\u0259n q\u0259biristanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda d\u0259fn olunub.\u00a0
\n[Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n g\u00f6rk\u0259mli adamlar\u0131. Qas\u0131m b\u0259y Zakir. 1984-c\u00fc il., s\u0259h. 214]<\/span><\/a>
\n[F.S.Qas\u0131mzad\u0259 XIX \u0259sr Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131 tarixi \u00fczr\u0259 o\u00e7erkl\u0259r. 1962-ci il., s\u0259h. 129]<\/a><\/span>
\n[H. \u018fliyev. Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131. Tarixi o\u00e7erk. 2010-cu il., s\u0259h. 2010]<\/a><\/span>
\n[H. Sad\u0131xova. \u015eu\u015fa \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin tarixi. 2004-c\u00fc il., s\u0259h. 125]<\/a><\/span>
\n[Q.Zakir. Se\u00e7ilmi\u015f \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri. 1971-ci il., s\u0259h. 9]<\/a><\/span>
\n[\u201cQafqaz\u201d q\u0259zeti \u21163. 07(19).01.1868-ci il., s\u0259h. 4]<\/a>
\n[“Bakinskiy rabo\u00e7iy\u201d q\u0259zeti \u211655 (10916) 07.03.1957., s\u0259h. 2]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

1984-c\u00fc ild\u0259 Qas\u0131m b\u0259y Zakirin 200 illik ild\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn ke\u00e7irilm\u0259si il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar onun m\u0259zar\u0131 \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 abid\u0259 ucald\u0131l\u0131b.
\n[Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n g\u00f6rk\u0259mli adamlar\u0131. Qas\u0131m b\u0259y Zakir. 1984-c\u00fc il., s\u0259h. 215]<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

1992-ci ild\u0259 \u015eu\u015fan\u0131n Erm\u0259nistan\u0131n silahl\u0131 q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n i\u015f\u011fal\u0131ndan sonra \u015fairin m\u0259zar\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u0259ki abid\u0259 v\u0259 h\u0259m\u00e7inin evi da\u011f\u0131d\u0131l\u0131b.
\n[Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n g\u00f6rk\u0259mli adamlar\u0131. Qas\u0131m b\u0259y Zakir. 1984-c\u00fc il., 64-65]<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"Yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131q f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti<\/strong><\/p>\n

H\u0259l\u0259 erk\u0259n ya\u015flar\u0131ndan Zakir \u015feir yazma\u011fa ba\u015flam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Onun ilk \u015feiri 1854-c\u00fc ild\u0259 “Qafqaz” q\u0259zetind\u0259 d\u0259rc olunmu\u015fdu. Zakir \u0259sas\u0259n lirik qo\u015fmalar, q\u0259z\u0259ll\u0259r, satira v\u0259 t\u0259msill\u0259r yaz\u0131rd\u0131.
\n[“Bakinskiy rabo\u00e7iy\u201d q\u0259zeti \u211655 (10916) 07.03.1957., s\u0259h. 2]<\/span><\/a>
\n[Q.Zakir. Se\u00e7ilmi\u015f \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri. 1971-ci il., s\u0259h. 7]<\/a><\/span>
\n[Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u015fairl\u0259ri. 1962-ci il., s\u0259h. 217]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

\u015eair \u00f6z lirik \u015feirl\u0259rini \u0259sas\u0259n qo\u015fma (\u015feirin a\u015f\u0131q formas\u0131) \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 yaz\u0131rd\u0131. Dilin sad\u0259liyi v\u0259 bu forman\u0131n istifad\u0259si onun poeziyas\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259\u015fhurlu\u011funa \u015f\u0259rait yaratm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Zakirin m\u0259\u015fhur qo\u015fmalar\u0131ndan biri is\u0259 – “Durnalar” \u015feiridir. Az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u015f\u00fcnas Firudin b\u0259y K\u00f6\u00e7\u0259rli Qas\u0131m b\u0259y Zakirin yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bel\u0259 qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirirdi:
\n\u201cQaraba\u011f Az\u0259rbaycan \u015fairl\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Parnasd\u0131r v\u0259 \u015eu\u015fa qayalar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcks\u0259klikl\u0259rind\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259kd\u0259n u\u00e7an \u015fairl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yuva qurulur. \u015e\u00fcbh\u0259siz ki, onlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda birinci v\u0259 g\u00f6rk\u0259mli yeri Qas\u0131m b\u0259y Zakir tutur”. <\/em>
\n<\/em>[F. K\u00f6\u00e7\u0259rlinski. Aderbeycan tatarlar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131. 1903-c\u00fc il., s\u0259h. 23]<\/span><\/a>
\n[Onlar\u0131n adlar\u0131 il\u0259 Bak\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259l\u0259ri adland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. 1962-ci il., s\u0259h. 159]<\/a><\/span>
\n[H. Sad\u0131xova. \u015eu\u015fa \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin tarixi. 2004-c\u00fc il., s\u0259h. 125]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Qas\u0131m b\u0259y Zakir Molla P\u0259nah Vaqif<\/a> poeziya m\u0259kt\u0259binin \u0259n g\u00f6rk\u0259mli n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n biridir. Bu m\u0259nada Mirz\u0259 F\u0259t\u0259li Axundov qeyd edirdi:\u00a0
\n\u201cS\u0259yah\u0259t zaman\u0131 Qaraba\u011fda Molla P\u0259nah Vaqifin bir s\u0131ra \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rini tapd\u0131m… H\u0259m\u00e7inin, Qas\u0131m b\u0259y Sar\u0131cal\u0131 Cavan\u015firl\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcm.\u00a0 Onun, t\u00fcrk dilind\u0259 yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015feirl\u0259ri h\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259n m\u0259nd\u0259 t\u0259\u0259cc\u00fcb v\u0259 sevinc do\u011furdu… Bu iki \u015fair aras\u0131ndak\u0131 f\u0259rq budur ki, \u0259g\u0259r Molla P\u0259nah Vaqif Qas\u0131m b\u0259yd\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l d\u00fcnyaya g\u0259ls\u0259 d\u0259 v\u0259 buna g\u00f6r\u0259 bu sah\u0259nin s\u0259l\u0259fi hesab edils\u0259 d\u0259, Qas\u0131m b\u0259yin \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri daha \u00e7ox estetik t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rir v\u0259 daha art\u0131q g\u00f6z\u0259lliy\u0259 malikdir.\u00a0 Qas\u0131m b\u0259y \u015feirl\u0259rind\u0259 sevgilisi bar\u0259d\u0259 o q\u0259d\u0259r g\u00f6z\u0259l, m\u0259n\u0259vi uca ruhla dan\u0131\u015f\u0131r, onunla o q\u0259d\u0259r s\u0259mimi s\u00f6hb\u0259t edir ki, oxucu sad\u0259c\u0259 valeh olur. Hadis\u0259l\u0259ri, anlar\u0131, m\u00fcasirliyin ruhunu, g\u0259nc hissl\u0259rin n\u00fcanslar\u0131n\u0131 el\u0259 canl\u0131, r\u0259ngar\u0259ng \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 q\u0259l\u0259m\u0259 verir ki, oxucu ist\u0259r-ist\u0259m\u0259z z\u00f6vq al\u0131r v\u0259 v\u0259cd\u0259 g\u0259lir.\u00a0 Onun yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fck\u0259mm\u0259ldir.\u00a0 Ancaq onu oxuyan zaman h\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259n \u015feirin m\u0259n\u0259vi z\u00f6vq predmeti ola bil\u0259c\u0259yin\u0259 \u0259min olursan\u201d.
\n<\/em>[Q.Zakir. Se\u00e7ilmi\u015f \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri. 1971-ci il., s\u0259h. 10]<\/span><\/a>
\n[Onlar\u0131n adlar\u0131 il\u0259 Bak\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259l\u0259ri adland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. 1962-ci il, s\u0259h. 159]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

“Q.Zakir. Se\u00e7ilmi\u015f \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri”\u00a0 adl\u0131 1971-ci ilin kitab\u0131nda qeyd olunur ki, Mirz\u0259 F\u0259t\u0259li Axundova “Hac\u0131 Qara” komediyas\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcjetini Qas\u0131m b\u0259y Zakir verib.
\n[Q.Zakir. Se\u00e7ilmi\u015f \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri. 1971-ci il., s\u0259h. 7]<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Zakir satirik \u015feir janr\u0131n\u0131n ustadlar\u0131ndan biridir. “Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u015fairl\u0259ri” 1962-ci il kitab\u0131nda qeyd edilir ki, Zakir XIX \u0259sr Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131nda yeni satirik istiqam\u0259tin banisi olub.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Onun satirik \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri aras\u0131nda 1840-1850-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 Mirz\u0259 F\u0259t\u0259li Axundova, \u0130smay\u0131l b\u0259y Qutqa\u015f\u0131nl\u0131ya, Xur\u015fidbanu Nat\u0259vana, C\u0259f\u0259rqulu a\u011faya v\u0259 dig\u0259rl\u0259rin\u0259 \u00fcnvanlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 poetik m\u0259ktublar \u0259sas yer tutur. Bu m\u0259ktublarda Zakir b\u0259yl\u0259rin \u00f6zba\u015f\u0131nal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 despotlu\u011funu, \u00e7ar m\u0259murlar\u0131n\u0131n r\u00fc\u015fv\u0259txorlu\u011funu v\u0259 ruhanil\u0259rin iki\u00fczl\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fc if\u015fa edirdi.\u00a0 M\u0259hz bu satirik \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259r zad\u0259gan v\u0259 ruhanil\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n ona qar\u015f\u0131 nifr\u0259t oyad\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Firudin b\u0259y K\u00f6\u00e7\u0259rli \u015fairin bu \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rini “Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131n\u0131n h\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fczg\u00fcs\u00fc” adland\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131. O, h\u0259m\u00e7inin yaz\u0131rd\u0131:
\n\u201cBu m\u0259ktublar, \u00fcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259 \u015feir \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rini oxuma\u011fa meyli olan b\u00fct\u00fcn savadl\u0131 tatarlar (az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar) t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n \u0259zb\u0259rl\u0259nir, oxunur.\u00a0 <\/em>Firudin \u015eu\u015finskinin “\u015eu\u015fa” kitab\u0131nda h\u0259m\u00e7inin qeyd olunur ki, K\u00f6\u00e7\u0259rli Zakiri fars \u015fairl\u0259ri Hafiz \u015eirazi v\u0259 S\u0259\u0259di il\u0259 m\u00fcqayis\u0259 etmi\u015fdi.\u00a0Bu m\u0259ktublardan b\u0259zil\u0259ri rus tarix\u00e7isi-\u015f\u0259rq\u015f\u00fcnas\u0131, qafqaz\u015f\u00fcnas Adolf Berjenin Leypsiqd\u0259 (Almaniya) n\u0259\u015fr etdirdiyi \u201cAz\u0259rbaycan \u015fairl\u0259rinin m\u0259cmu\u0259si\u201dn\u0259 daxil edilmi\u015fdir.
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span>[F. K\u00f6\u00e7\u0259rlinski. Aderbeycan tatarlar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131. 1903-c\u00fc il, s\u0259h. 25]<\/span><\/a>
\n[“Bakinskiy rabo\u00e7iy\u201d q\u0259zeti \u211655 (10916) 07.03.1957., s\u0259h. 2]<\/a><\/span>
\n[Az\u0259rbaycan poeziyas\u0131n\u0131n antologiyas\u0131. \u00dc\u00e7 cildd\u0259. \u0130kinci cild. 1960-c\u0131 il., 311-312]<\/a><\/span>
\n[Onlar\u0131n adlar\u0131 il\u0259 Bak\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259l\u0259ri adland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. 1962-ci il, s\u0259h. 159]<\/a><\/span>
\n[Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u015fairl\u0259ri. 1962-ci il., s\u0259h. 217]<\/a><\/span>
\n[F.S. Qas\u0131mzad\u0259. XIX \u0259sr Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131 tarixi \u00fczr\u0259 o\u00e7erkl\u0259r. 1962-ci il., s\u0259h. 137; 151]<\/a><\/span>
\n[F.\u015eu\u015finski. \u015eu\u015fa. 1968-ci il., s\u0259h. 86]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

H\u0259m\u00e7inin, Qas\u0131m b\u0259y Zakir bir \u00e7ox t\u0259msill\u0259rin m\u00fc\u0259llifidir. \u015eair onlar\u0131n s\u00fcjetl\u0259rini \u0259sas\u0259n klassik \u0259d\u0259biyyatdan, h\u0259m\u00e7inin rus yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 \u0130van Kr\u0131lovun t\u0259msill\u0259rind\u0259n g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcrd\u00fc. Onlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda \u201cT\u00fclk\u00fc v\u0259 Aslan\u201d, \u201cQurd, \u00c7aqqal v\u0259 Aslan\u201d, \u201c\u0130lan, D\u0259v\u0259 v\u0259 T\u0131sba\u011fa\u201d v\u0259 s. var.\u00a0
\n[F. K\u00f6\u00e7\u0259rlinski. Aderbeycan tatarlar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131. 1903-c\u00fc il, s\u0259h. 30]<\/span><\/a>
\n[F.S. Qas\u0131mzad\u0259. XIX \u0259sr Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131 tarixi \u00fczr\u0259 o\u00e7erkl\u0259r. 1962-ci il., s\u0259h. 128-129]<\/a><\/span>
\n[Onlar\u0131n adlar\u0131 il\u0259 Bak\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259l\u0259ri adland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. 1962-ci il, s\u0259h. 160]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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Qarabag.com Az\u0259rbaycan poeziyas\u0131nda t\u0259nqidi realizmin v\u0259 satirik istiqam\u0259tin banil\u0259rind\u0259n biri olan Qas\u0131m b\u0259y Zakir haqq\u0131nda material\u0131 t\u0259qdim edir. M\u0259qal\u0259 iki hiss\u0259y\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcb: \u015eairin h\u0259yat\u0131 v\u0259 onun yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131q f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1258],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/qarabag.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11448"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/qarabag.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/qarabag.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/qarabag.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/qarabag.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11448"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/qarabag.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11448\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11461,"href":"https:\/\/qarabag.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11448\/revisions\/11461"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/qarabag.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11448"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/qarabag.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11448"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/qarabag.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11448"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}